Sunday, July 1, 2018

Powersound Pickups -- the Ibanez pickups everyone loves to hate


I have never been an equipment snob.

I've never been particularly impressed with popular, name brand equipment, whether in my radio hobby, or in my music hobby. It's just not a part of who I am. I have always had the belief that you can make do with moderate equipment -- you just learn to work with it.

I've especially applied this notion to guitars.

I've heard a lot of crap music being made on Gibsons and Fenders, even ones equipped with name-brand aftermarket pickups like Seymour Duncan, DiMarzio, and EMG. For example, half the mediocre hair bands from the 1980's used excellent, high tech, high dollar equipment, but not all of their music has stood the test of time. The good hair bands (and there were a few -- Ratt being one of them) used high tech guitars also... but that's beside the point. The high tech didn't make the music good -- the musicians playing the guitars did.

Eddie Van Halen revolutionised music with a throw-together guitar and there is a suspicion that the pickup installed in the guitar he used on the first Van Halen album was a Mighty Mite (apparently a budget aftermarket pickup company), albeit modified. I rest my case.

Another example is the blues guitar players from the 1930's through the 1950's, some of whom had cheaper guitars. Now that dry thump sound of plywood acoustics is sought after by some acoustic blues players. And famous slide guitarist Ry Cooder's favorite guitar is a Teisco (a cheap Japanese brand from the 1970's -- they weren't bad guitars; sometimes all they needed were minor modifications and they would play quite well).

My favorite guitar -- a Daimaru. Probably made at the same factory in Japan that made Teiscos. Rebuilt, Decca pickup covers removed, bobbins painted black. (EDIT: I since have learned, after playing this guitar for more than two decades, that it is a SAKAI.).
It's just a fact that you can make good sounding music on second or third rate equipment -- it's just a matter of getting the best from it.

Recently I received a free guitar. An Ibanez Gio. Ibanez make good guitars, and the Gio series is their budget line. Evenso, it is well made. The neck is thin and easy to play, the frets are awesome and the fit and finish is good on the guitar. The tuners are a budget variety, but they hold tune well and I oil them about once a month with light oil, which helps them tune smoother and will probably extend their life by a decade or so. Some day I may put some Gotohs on it but that day is a long way off...

The guitar is a pleasant color -- a purplish shade of metallic red with maroon overtones that I believe Ibanez calls "Magenta Crush."
My Gio is a GRX40, a 'superstrat' copy with a volume and tone control, a 5 way switch, two single coil pickups and a humbucker in the bridge position. The pickups are Powersound pickups, which -- if you go by what is said on the internet -- are terrible pickups. I disagree.

From the first time I started to play the Gio, I had to adjust it to my playing. The low E bridge saddle needed to be filed shorter to intonate and resonate well on low D (I have the guitar tuned to D-standard). I filed the bottoms of the height adjustment screws flatter to give the saddles more positive contact with the bridge plate; I filed the tops of the adjustment screws down a little to keep them from digging into my hand while playing; I had to lower the slots on the nut to get the lower register chords to intonate better (I press rather hard on the strings). I tightened the tremolo springs all the way down to bring out the sustain of the guitar. It sings.

Then there were the pickups. The single coil Powersounds had a scooped quality -- they are very clear, with lots of treble, adequate bass, and have very high definition. Some guys on the 'net dislike Powersound single coils because they "don't have character." I've found they have their own sort of character, and it's a bright sort of neutral, but very usable and very musical sound.  I can get a close tone to 70's guitarist Robin Trower's strat tone with them (backing off the volume and treble a bit, and running it through a Boss phaser and Boss DS-1 distortion box, with the DS-1's tone control turned to the left), and I can get a good, clear, jazzy tone out of the single coils also -- which especially shines through when using effects boxes, like phaser, chorus, and echo.

Pinch harmonics work well with the pickups -- the definition and treble response brings them out easily. You can 'pinch' whole chords and they will ring and shimmer nicely.

When running the guitar through effects boxes the definition that the Powersound single coils exhibit works well -- sometimes with effects a guitar's sound can get muddied, but it isn't so with the pickups on my Gio. With the Powersounds, the almost transparent nature of the pickups -- even when distorted -- makes the effects really sing out, especially modulation and delay effects like chorus and phaser.
A close up of the Powersound humbucker in my GRX-40 Ibby Gio. I keep it at least 4-5mm from the strings. It seems to work best that way.
The Powersound humbucker is a different story. It is a Super Distortion clone with a ceramic magnet, and has fairly high output -- it breaks up very quickly and easily. It took a bit for me to get used to it, as my other humbucker equipped guitars are bluesy sounding rock guitars with moderately high output that have a different 'breaking up' point. The Powersound humbucker has more of an 80's metal sound. I found it works well through effects, and has definition and clarity, but it's anything but bluesy. It will roar, but it doesn't really 'sing' unless you really pick hard, or pick very softly.... It sounds great when you pick softly, and sounds good full-out -- but there is a very thin threshold between the two that takes getting used to.

I found that it mixed well with the other two pickups, not overpowering them. Backing it up from the strings cleared up the tone a lot. I have my Powersound humbucker about 4-5 mm from the strings. Any closer, it breaks up too quickly, making it less usable for anything but just full-out 80's metal sounds.

An old color pic I took of my Ibanez Gio GRX-40 -- it has a non-standard Magenta Crush color and was made in China in 2000, when Nu-Metal was king, Van Halen's sound was still sought after by everybody, and high output on bargain pickups was the way to go.

Still, even after backing the pickup away from the strings, the Powersound humbucker just wasn't something I wanted to use a lot. Then two things happened: I got into some of the chorus/echo guitar music of the 80's, where the guitars aren't so distorted, and I discovered a distorted guitar sound that this Powersound humbucker imitated quite well: that of a 70's Flying V.

As for the first discovery, I found that by playing with the amp on a cleaner setting, the pickup has a good tone, especially through a chorus and delay. Pinch harmonics really sing and warble. The pickup responds to differences in attack quite well. You can get that 80's humbucker / chorus / delay sound fairly accurately. You can pick very lightly and the clean tones sing out really well, if you have a good amp with some compression built in.

The Powersound humbucker's more neutral sounding tone highlights the effects really well.

If you pick harder, you get an 80's metal/rock tone rather easily also.

TRY ROLLING BACK ON THE VOLUME AND TONE A BIT
I also found that if the volume control is dialed back to around 6 or 7, and the tone is rolled off a bit, the humbucker sounds bluesier. There still is enough definition and bite to cut through a dirt box or gain channel on your amplifier.

The other discovery -- the Flying V imitation -- that happened by accident.

Now, Flying V's are cool looking guitars. But every recording I've heard of one sounded rather thin -- like a humbucker without much wood around it: which, actually is the case with a V. There isn't much wood around the pickups themselves. Compared to a Les Paul or even an SG, Flying V's sound kinda flat.

STEVE LOVE AND THE STORIES, AND A FLYING V
One of my favorite bands from the 1970's was a band most people haven't heard of: Ian Lloyd and the Stories. They had a hit song called Brother Louie, an R&B pop track, but their albums sounded like a different band entirely. They had songs that were almost baroque rock, and other songs that were progressive space rock. The guitar player for the Stories was a lesser known but accomplished player named Steve Love. He played in the Stories, and then left the Stories and played with Jobriath, an up and coming glam rocker from New York City who never quite made it. After his stint with Jobriath, Steve Love faded into obscurity.

Steve Love played a Flying V, apparently (at least according to a video I've seen of him) with a Super Distortion bridge pickup installed.

One day I was listening to the Stories' song "Please Please", one in which Steve Love has some key guitar parts. And there it was: that sound. A thinnish, but intense, steely tone. A sound that was ice-cold, but biting and snarly. Anything but bluesy, but still cool. Even though it wasn't a sound I would seek out, it was one I liked hearing.

Ian Lloyd & The Stories' 'Please Please'. Steve Love's Super Distortion equipped Flying V can be heard in this track. The Stories unfortunately didn't hit it very big in the US, aside from one single that didn't sound much like the band actually sounded.

Another Stories track where Steve Love's Flying V is prominent during the choruses.
The opening track off of Ian Lloyd & The Stories' excellent 1973 album, Travelling Underground, a hard rock / prog tinged song called Bridges. Steve Love's guitar lines can be heard throughout. Steve Love didn't play a ton of power chords, but his playing consisted of a lot of set runs and some solos, all of which had a steely sound that my Powersound pickups reminded me of. And this begs the question: where is Steve Love now? No one seems to know.

I realised that Steve Love's guitar sounded just like the humbucker on my Gio. I strapped on my guitar and played along with the CD. The tone was quite similar. Remarkably similar. It gave me a new appreciation for the "cheap" Powersound humbucker equipped on my guitar. It was a sound I probably wouldn't seek out, but it was still very usable. And different from my other guitars.

An Ibanez 882 with Matao Strat guts -- I built it myself. One of my best sounding guitars. Basically, a thrift store and Radio Shack parts special. Cheap can sound good.
I guess my purpose for writing this tome is that while some musos knock certain instruments, I think you can get a decent tone out of almost ANY instrument. Every instrument, just like every person, has a unique voice, and you just have to find it and work with it. It may not be your cup of tea -- the steelish snarl of a V isn't my favorite guitar voicing -- but it can be usable, and even something you can work with, and you can grow to like it enough to express yourself with it.

You can even write songs around it.

So whenever I want a thinnish, steely snarl like a 70's Flying V, I know where to go to get that sound: the Powersound humbucker on my Ibby Gio.

PICKUP SPECS, For Those Interested:
Recently a reader asked me about the specs on my Powersounds -- something I left out of the article. Being that I never have taken the pickups out, or taken the pickguard off the guitar to look at the backs of the pickups, all I have to go on is the Ibanez Fandom Wiki, which is probably fairly accurate. 

The two single coils are PSND5's (or PSNDS's), with Alnico 5 magnets and 5.20 ohm DC resistance each. The Humbucker is a PSND2, the white, uncovered model with 14.10 ohms of DC resistance and a ceramic magnet.

Here's a link to the Ibanez Fandom Wiki page on the Powersounds. There really isn't a ton of info on these pickups otherwise.:
Powersound pickups | Ibanez Wiki | Fandom


Addendum, 7-1-2018:
After some experimentation lately, I discovered an easy way to eke a little more tone out of my Ibby's Powersound Humbucker. It's a device that most guitarists have in their arsenal -- a distortion or boost box with an active tone control.

My Boss DS-1 does the trick very nicely. Boss DS-1's (their famous orange pedal used by Kurt Cobain among others) are fairly ubiquitous, and usually aren't expensive. I've had mine since the 1990's. The tone control can act like a treble or midrange boost, as well as smooth out the distortion by cutting highs and emphasizing the bass tones.

I've found that even just using the DS-1 alone can add a little extra color to the humbucker's tone.

For those who would like more tone from their Powersound humbuckers, experiment with whatever distortion or overdrive box you might have in your guitar arsenal. Most of them have an active tone control of some sort. It can be a very useful tool for livening up and coloring your tone, and it's cheaper than replacing the pickup itself -- you just plug the box in between your guitar and your amp.

Addendum, 3-21-2021: SLIDE on a Powersound Humbucker:
Over the past several months I've changed the set-up on my GRX-40 Gio to fit Open G tuning, because I needed a backup slide guitar, and because I realise I can do more with Open G on my Gio than Drop C tuning, which is where I had the guitar for about a year. Consequently, I discovered that the Powersound humbucker sounds very good with a slide. When I started playing slide on the Gio using the humbucker, it sounded like a different pickup.

So another option for Powersound humbucker guitar owners is to try slide. Keep the pickup 4-5 mm away from the strings (my humbucker is 5 mm from the strings on each side). Use the volume and tone controls to adjust for bluesy tones. Crank your amp or dirt box to fit. The pickup has enough treble that you can back off on the controls and bring out more of a blues tone from it. Experiment.

ADDENDUM, 3-27-2023: Back off on the Volume Control!:
When I was really into Robin Trower's music in 2011-2012, I looked him up on the internet. One thing he said was he always cranked his amps, and backed off on his volume and tone controls to get a smooth, bluesier sound out of his Strats.

I have found -- since writing this article -- that backing off on the Volume control on my Powersound-equipped GIO does roughly the same thing. It tames the treble, but also makes the pickups react more like blues pickups. It helps if you have a good gain channel on your amp, or even if you use a dirt box or two. I run my GIO (and my other guitars) into a combination of Boss Blues Driver BD-2 > Boss SD-1. And adjust the dirt box controls to taste. 

I have found that backing the Volume control to around 6 or 7 seems to mellow the PS humbucker pickup a bit. It works really good with my slide. And the single coils also mellow a bit -- they sound bluesier.

You can always crank it up for really loud chords and the like. Experiment.

I have added a paragraph to the article about rolling back the Volume and Tone. I had been doing this for a long time -- I just forgot to include it in the article.

Some day when I figure out how to get a decent video recording, and clean up my music room to where it's at least remotely presentable, I may try to put up a demo on my blog. 

I also just added Ian Lloyd & The Stories' song Please Please to this blog post, something I didn't know how to do when I wrote this article. The Stories stuff is well worth checking out on the 'Tube. There are even some live tracks that show what the band were capable of.

ADDENDUM, August 5th, 2023: 
I recently was able to talk with a guitarist, Richie Ranno on a YouTube thread. Mr. Ranno was the lead guitar player in the 1970's hard rock band Starz -- he played a Strat with a humbucker -- one of the first prominent guitarists to do so. I asked him about Steve Love, the Stories' guitar player I talk about in this article. Ranno played guitar in the Stories after Steve Love left. Mr. Ranno said that nobody seems to know what happened to Steve Love. Steve Love just disappeared. He also said that Steve Love may have used a stage name -- that his last name was different from 'Love'.

I also added a small bit to one of the pics' captions (where I added that I keep my Powersound humbucker at least 4-5mm from the strings), and bolded that in the body of the story, because I still think that keeping the pickups farther from the strings makes them sound better.

So far, this article is the one on my blog that has gotten the most readers -- just shy of 7000 readers to date. Thank you all for checking in. :-) 

And if anyone has any info on Steve Love, please leave it in the comments.

And check out the Starz! There are several vids on YT with them playing. Here is one of them. The guy with the white Superstrat is Richie Ranno (it's an older Fender with a humbucker -- Ranno had a guitar shop customize it in the early 1970's). He's a great player. Peace. C.C.



ADDENDUM, April 9th, 2024:
A reader asked me about the model numbers of my Powersounds, and I had to look it up. I figured the article probably needed that info, so I tacked it onto the bottom of the article. PSND2, PSND5 -- that sort of thing. Somehow, I neglected to do so when writing the article. Well, the info is there now. Better late than never, hey? :-)

20 comments:

  1. Great article read it twice in past month trying to find info on powersound pickups.I recently purchased an Ibanez rx 160 and 170 both pre gio years supposedly with powersound pickups so I'm trying to find info and came across your post.

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    1. 70s and 80s Ibanez guitars were made amazing in Japan.

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    2. Hi Anonymous,
      I believe it. I have a 1974 Univox Gimme (a Les Paul copy made by either Fujigen or Matsumoko (Uncle Mo's) in Japan -- Univox guitars were made by the same company that made Aria, I think. A lot of these guitars are sought after by collectors. And the 'lawsuit' guitars (made mainly by Ibanez) were excellent. And don't forget Eddie Van Halen played a mid-1970's era Ibanez Destroyer on Van Halen I. Peace, Chris

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  2. Hi Unknown. Thanks for your comment. There isn't much info on Powersounds on the 'net, which was why I posted the article. Keep on rockin'. Chris

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  3. Valuable contribution my friend. I'm restoring a (2002) Ibanez RG120 and RG250, and I've just reached the point where I was wondering if it was really a good idea to keep those controversial Powersound Pickups. I think I'll experiment with a wiring diagram that allows various combinations between them.

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    1. Hi Polo Navarro, Thank you for the kind words. I think the Powersounds are worth working with, and seeing just how much you can get out of them -- unless one absolutely hates their tone. I decided to find a way to work with mine.

      The only mod I'd make -- if I were so inclined -- would be to change which bobbin/coil of the humbucker was switched on with the middle pickup in 'chicken-pickin' mode (pickup pselector switch position 2).

      Ibanez wired their H-S-S guitar humbuckers to have the bobbin closest to the middle pickup switched on (I think it's the same with their H-S-H guitars), where I think having the bobbin closest to the bridge switched on with the middle pickup would sound more like a Strat in that configuration...

      But so far, I haven't torn into the innards of the guitar to see if I want to attempt something like that yet. I usually use the humbucker, middle, or neck pickups alone. I don't combine them much.

      Ibby were making some good budget guitars in the early 2000's. I've heard nothing but good stuff about the RG series Ibbys.

      Thanks for reading my blog, and rock on.
      Chris

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  4. Very good write up as I couldn't find anything else on line that gives the detail in your blog!
    I 'was' going to purchase an Ibanez RG320DX with these pups.
    Unfortunately the guitar looks great but, I don't need to buy another set and switch pups. I would end up putting too much $ into it. Also, the hassle of tweaking the pups, my amp or my pedals. So, I'm going to pass on the guitar - thanks to your review! It helped a lot!

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    1. Hi Unknown, glad my article could be of some help and you enjoyed reading it. Understand your reluctance, it's probably best to be able to play a guitar before buying, in this case, to determine if it's worth it making adjustments to get the sound you want. And no one buys a guitar looking forwards to digging into it. My Ibby really could use some new tuners and I've been putting it off because I do all my work on my guitars myself and changing tuners is a bear.... As for buying a guitar online (which I'm guessing may have been the case with the RG) it's not that easy to hear it ahead of time, much less play it, making it a blind purchase, more-or-less.

      Some day soon I hope to get a sound file on here of my Gio through the two dirt boxes I use, so others can get a clearer picture of what Powersounds can do when they sound decent. Thanks again for reading my blog. Peace.

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  5. Really funny reading your article. Lucky to find a 1994 Ibanez RX 20, dual humbucker. And it is one of the best playing and sounding instruments I have touched. (solid maple neck, fingerboard,body). Your comment about the bridge bucker and Flying V - I was thinking the exact same thing, and here is your blog! I recently returned a 2010 Gibson sixties reissue that had ridiculous high output pickups, and this one sounds exactly like it! Lots of pick attack, brittle, bright. Totally usable. Not changing a thing on this guitar. The bridge is goofy though, 10mm screw and string spacing. I had some wider saddles that splay out a bit, getting it closer to 10.5mm. Maybe I will have to drill it for a more standard bridge some day.

    And I totally agree with quality of these guitars. Having had high end instruments but afraid to take them out of the case, I much prefer a "low end" that works, maybe with a few mods.

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    1. Hi Powersounder,
      First off, sorry for the slack reply. Hadn't checked my blog in a couple weeks. Glad you enjoyed my post on Powersounds. The RX20 looks like it's a decent instrument. My main beef about my Powersound humbucker right now is that they didn't allow for adjustable pole pieces, but the tone is pretty good with a slide. RE: the Flying V sound: I'm glad I'm not alone in that assessment. :-) RE: bridge... the bridge on my GRX40 is an Ibanez standard trem bridge of the perios (2000), and the string spacing at the bridge is 10mm. I haven't had issues with mine. I flattened the bottom of the set screws slightly to get more connection between string and bridge plate, which seemed in improve string volume slightly, and filed the top of some of the set screws to keep them from digging into my hand... luckily I didn't file them down too far, because the allen holes only go so deep. :-)

      Thanks for reading my blog, and leaving a comment. Peace.
      Chris

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    2. Woops, I meant 'period', not perios. Should have double checked my typing. And 'seemed to' not 'seemed in'.

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  6. In May of 2022, I was a university student and I saw a really cheap, second hand Ibanez GRG121 in transparemt red color (https://ibanez.fandom.com/wiki/GRG121) and the price was 80€ (like 85 dollars or something) including the transportation. Anyways, I just saw the offer and I was like I'mma gonna regret it forever if I won't buy it, so I bought it immediately. The PSND/STD pickups (Powersound/Standard) were sounding awesome....legit awesome. I compared it with my Infinity R pickups and I saw a major difference. The guitar has a small factory problem because the strings and the pickups are not 100% lined up but that's another story. I was 100% satisfied with the pickups but after a couple months the bridge pickup was not working 100% because there was rust was rust in the poles and I replaced the pickup with a V8 (the sustain was much less, the haĊ•monics weren't sounding ok at all etc.).
    If you're still reading, I highly recdomend to everybody to go for an older guitar with Powersound pickups instead of Infinity R.

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    1. Hi Anonymous,
      Thanks for the comment, sounds like you got a good deal on your GRG121. I appreciate reading about your own experience with the Powersounds. Understood on the alignment issues, my Gio has the strings aligned with the pole pieces OK, but if one looks closely at the neck bolts and the pocket where the trem springs are, you can see they were still working out the issues with manufacturing. :-) Still, it's a good guitar. I suppose if I put a JB or similar name brand humbucker in I'd get a bigger sound. Right now I'm still living with the Powersound humbucker... It's getting the job done. Thanks for reading the article. Peace.
      Chris

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  7. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  8. I went to middle and high school with Steve Love. That was always his name. I even played trumpet in a backup brass section for his high school rock band. I’ve forgotten the name of it.
    By the way, Steve’s dad was a singer in the Mitch Miller Singers. He was born into show biz. No idea what ever happened to him. He never attended any of our class reunions. DCM

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    1. Hello, DCM! Thank you for checking in, and wow, that's some very cool information on Steve Love! Thank you so much for sharing it with us. It's a shame that Steve Love seems to have disappeared, being that he was a good guitarist, and played on at least one national hit (Brother Louie). It would be cool if he would re-emerge and do a Stories guitar rig rundown, playing his Flying V with the Super Distortion, on a YouTube vid. :-)

      One can always hope he comes out of retirement from music. He had a lot of talent.

      Thank you for checking out the blog. Peace.
      Chris

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  9. Great article. It's good to see somebody put so much thought into 'modest' gear, lets say. I recently bought a used, 2009 GAX30 Gio. It was in nearly unplayable condition, when I met some kid at a train station and paid $100 for it. It was down tuned, probably to cover for the neck bow and super high action etc. I played it for and 5 secs and said "Yeah. It's perfect. There you go. 100 bucks." The kid was relieved / not expecting it to go that effortlessly. I know myself though. I can get any guitar to any standard I want to. And I like the body on this thing. So far I think I'm liking this thing more than my SG Standard even. When you get a guitar, straighten the neck, give it a custom nut, light fret job, on a fret by fret basis (not just taking them all down), shim the neck, resolder connections - you not only get more invested and attached to the instrument, but you learn how to hear it, and work with what it is giving you.

    I also came to the same conclusions as you about my PSND1 and PSND2 humbuckers: Distance, give it to them. And work the knobs. Speaking of which, I replaced my cheap plastic knobs with some much larger, heavier, metal knobs. 25mm diameter, 15mm tall. Pretty hefty, not too hefty. And with some material under them that strikes a balance between the lever-arm, and the mass, and the surface friction, and the pot. So I can really get the optimal knob-expression experience. I think that's a subtle, but key element: getting the correct amount of weight, weight distribution, 'linear travel : degrees rotation' ratio, and then getting some drag in there to slow-down an otherwise lightening fast, well greased pot.

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    1. Hi Anonymous. Thank you for your comment, and thanks for reading the article. I've done the fret by fret thing myself. My Lotus L520 had some high frets. A little work with a flat needle file got them back to spec. I shimmed one of my budget guitars (my 1972 Sakai) in 1996, too.... shimming the neck was an old Strat / Fender trick that some players did back in the day...

      Totally agreed on the Distance needed for Powersounds to sound better. It lets them 'breathe' a bit. And backing off on the volume, too. In my Ibby Gio GRX40, the two controls (volume and tone) almost act like dual presence controls -- they work together really well, and they are a bit more subtle in operation than one would think for a budget instrument. The pickups have got enough 'headroom' to still sound out through the dirt boxes / chorus etc.

      So glad to see I'm not the only Powersound humbucker user to have figured that out.

      Enjoy your 2009 GAX30. And thanks again for commenting here. Peace,
      Chris

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  10. Excellent article. Which versions are your Powersound pickups? I mean there are PSND1, PSND2, PSNDS(single coil), etc. Thanks

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    1. Hi Anonymous,
      As far as I can ascertain, the two single coils are PSND5 ("PSNDS" according to the Ibanez fandom dot com wiki), and the humbucker is a PSND2 (Bridge, white, 14.10 ohm impedance). The single coils have Alnico 5 magnets, the Humbucker has a ceramic magnet. Being that I've never taken the pickups apart, nor taken the guitar apart, I haven't seen any identifying markings on the pickups themselves, but it's an early 2000 GRX40 and everything is stock on the guitar, so I'm certain that the pickups are in line with the info on the Wiki.

      Hope this helps. I suppose I should include that in info in the article. Thanks for stopping by and reading it, and if you've got an Ibby with Powersounds, rock on!
      Peace,
      Chris

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